Intravenous Ketorolac Vs. Morphine In Children With Acute Abdominal Pain (NCT06160778)
🩺 Plain-English Summary (8th-Grade Level)
Appendicitis is a common condition in children 6-17 years of age, and the top reason for emergency surgery in Canada. Children with appendicitis can have very bad pain in their belly. Children often need pain medications given to them through a needle in their arm called an intravenous (IV). The most common IV pain medication is a type of opioid called morphine. We know that opioids work well to improve pain, but there are risks and side effects when taking them. There are non-opioid medications that doctors can give to patients, like ketorolac. Ketorolac helps decrease inflammation and pain and has fewer side effects when a patient takes it for a short period of time. Our past and present overuse of opioids, driven by an unproven assumption that opioids work best for pain, resulted in an Opioid Crisis and doctors are now looking for alternatives. To do this, we need to prove that there are other options to treat children's pain that are just as good as opioids, with less side effects. The goal of our study is to discover if school aged children who arrive at the emergency department with belly pain, improve just as much with ketorolac as they do with morphine. To answer this question, we will need a very large number of patients in a study that includes several hospitals across Canada. With a flip of a coin, each participant will either get a single dose of morphine or a single dose of ketorolac. To make sure that our pain assessment is impartial, no one will know which medicine the child received except the pharmacist who prepared the medicine.
Who can join: To join this study, participants generally need to meet the listed inclusion criteria (5 items) and avoid the listed exclusions (13 items).
Location: Alberta Children's Hospital Emergency Department — Calgary, Alberta
📋 "Do I Qualify?" — 1-Minute Self Screener
Instant ChecklistCheck every box below. If you can check all of them, you may meet the study's basic screening requirements (final eligibility is confirmed by the site team).
Usually NOT eligible if any of the following apply:
- Exclusion Criteria:
- Previous enrollment in the trial
- NSAID use within 3 hours and/or opioid use within 1 to 2 hours (1 hour post-IV or intra-nasal fentanyl and 2 hours post IV morphine).
- Children who need immediate resuscitation, are hemodynamically unstable as deemed by the clinical team or have a Canadian Triage Assessment Score of 1
- Significant caregiver and/or child cognitive impairment precluding the ability to complete study questions.
- Chronic pain requiring daily analgesic use: confounding as response to analgesics maybe altered.
- History of severe undiagnosed gastrointestinal bleeding requiring medical intervention, peptic or duodenal ulcer disease or inflammatory bowel disease, coagulation disorders, prior cerebrovascular bleeding, known arterio-vascular malformations. History of minor gastrointestinal bleeding from conditions such as resolved fissures, polyps or allergic colitis will not exclude patients from participating.
- History of chronic and active interstitial kidney disease
- History of chronic and active hepatocellular disease: ketorolac is metabolized by the liver.
- Known or suspected pregnancy at the time of enrollment or breastfeeding females
- Known hypersensitivity to NSAIDs or opioids.
- Absence of a parent/guardian for children who are \<16 years of age if they are not a mature minor.
🔍 Extracted verbatim from the official NIH eligibility criteria. Always confirm with the study coordinator.
📍 All Participating Trial Locations (1 Sites)
- Alberta Children's Hospital Emergency Department — Calgary, Alberta
💰 Cost, Insurance & Patient Rights
- 100% Free Items: The investigational treatment and protocol-required procedures are supplied at zero cost by the sponsor.
- Routine Patient Care: Under federal law (ACA § 2709) and many state statutes, routine care costs are covered during participation.
- Voluntary Participation: You may withdraw at any time without affecting your standard medical care.